Now that it looks like it has been determined that the best time to cast IS is at the end of Lunar Eclipse, I was thinking about whether it should be cast just before the eclipse ended or if a last starfire should. I trotted over to Hamlet's TTT to see the current recommendation and saw this:
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For example, if Lunar is just ending and Insect Swarm is down, you can cast one extra Starfire and then Insect Swarm. During the GCD from the Insect Swarm, watch to see whether the Starfire crit (it's actually useful to watch for Nature's Grace, as that buff will appear before the Solar Eclipse will). If it did, you can immediately switch to Wrath for your next spell. This should become second nature eventually.
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I thought I had a counterpoint to this strategy: because Blizzard wanted to eliminate the golfing from patches past, the solar eclipse cooldown sometimes lasts longer than the lunar eclipse itself. If you make the decision with [eclipse time remaining < Starfire casttime] to cast another starfire and check during the Insect Swarm GCD for a crit, it may crit and not actually proc solar eclipse. When this happens it is extremely annoying, and it might be a dps loss. I was wondering if there was any validity to the theory, so I did a thought experiment to try and bear it out (Spoiler alert: I lost).
Assume eclipse is just ending, and the last starfire cast was a crit as it most likely should have been. This gives 3 seconds until nature's grace falls off. Assume that the first starfire cast doesn't crit. If cast starfire-IS-starfire is cast, there are two GCD lags, and if the caster has enough haste to overcome the GCD lags that second starfire still falls under Nature's Grace. If IS-starfire-starfire is cast, there are still two GCD lags and haste might push that second starfire under Nature's Grace. The two scenarios are a wash.
However, if starfire is cast first and it crits, there is a chance it won't proc Eclipse. The caster will see this and not cast a misplaced spell, but Eclipse won't be activated yet, giving rise to possibility of an extended Eclipse downtime.
If Insect Swarm is cast first and the next Starfire cast crits, it is certain a misplaced Starfire wll be cast, although Solar Eclipse is up regardless.
I don't have an exact grasp on the typical cooldown overlap, but it feels to me to average about a second (I would say that's probably generously long in favor of my theory). Cast time of starfire under eclipse for my current gear is 1.9sec, and crit chance is about 65%. So the probability of Eclipse downtime going beyond the second starfire cast in the recommended scenario is 1.0/1.9*(
0.65) = 34.2%, at which point the DPET difference between a regular Starfire and an eclipsed IS'd Wrath is lost, which is about 3000 DPET in WrathCalcs for my current gear. The chance of going beyond the third (multiply by .35 again) is 11.9% at which point 6000 DPET has been lost (Nature's Grace is gone at this point). 4.2% chance to lose 9000DPET. Going no further than that an average of (.342*3000+.119*3000+.041*3000)/(2.3+2.3+1.9) = 232 dps is lost. In my counter-scenario, 3000/(2.3+2.3+1.9) = 461 dps lost over that same time. Big difference. My theory does not hold up.
NOTE: After I wrote this, I realized if starfire crits as the GCD from IS is ticking away and the caster is using Nature's Grace instead of the overhead moon to determine whether to move on to Wrath, then there WILL be a miscast Wrath. This changes the calculation a bit (note the Nature's Grace dropoff moves up a cast). DPET difference of a Wrath under IS only for me is 2500DPET, so the calc becomes:
(.342*2500+.342*3000+.119*3000+.041*3000)/(1.0+2.3+2.3+2.3) = 299 dps versus 3000/7.9 = 380 dps. My theory is still disproven.
EDIT: Had to fix my math after an epiphany in the shower this morning. Fixed mistake in bold (used to be 1-0.65), the rest of the numbers follow after that.